Transition report pursuant to Rule 13a-10 or 15d-10

Significant Accounting Policies

v2.4.0.8
Significant Accounting Policies
10 Months Ended
Aug. 31, 2014
Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]
3.

Significant Accounting Policies


  a)

Basis of Consolidation

       
   

The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Lexaria CanPharm Corp. All significant inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated.


  b)

Principles of Accounting

       
   

These financial statements are stated in U.S. dollars and have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.


  c)

Revenue Reconition

       
   

The Company uses the sales method of accounting for natural gas and oil revenues. Under this method, revenues are recognized upon the passage of title, net of royalties. Revenues from natural gas production are recorded using the sales method. When sales volumes exceed the Company’s entitled share, an overproduced imbalance occurs. To the extent the overproduced imbalance exceeds the Company’s share of the remaining estimated proved natural gas reserves for a given property, the Company records a liability. At August 31, 2014 and October 31, 2013, the Company had no overproduced imbalances.


  d)

Cash and Cash Equivalents

       
   

Cash equivalents comprise certain highly liquid instruments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased. As of August 31, 2014 and October 31, 2013, cash and cash equivalents consist of cash only.


  e)

Oil and Gas Properties

The Company utilizes the full cost method to account for its investment in oil and gas properties. Accordingly, all costs associated with acquisition, exploration and development of oil and gas reserves, including such costs as leasehold acquisition costs, capitalized interest costs relating to unproved properties, geological expenditures, tangible and intangible development costs including direct internal costs are capitalized to the full cost pool. When the Company obtains proven oil and gas reserves, capitalized costs, including estimated future costs to develop the reserves and estimated abandonment costs, net of salvage, will be depleted on the units-of-production method using estimates of proved reserves.

Investments in unproved properties are not depleted pending determination of the existence of proved reserves. Unproved properties are assessed periodically to ascertain whether impairment has occurred. Unproved properties whose costs are individually significant are assessed individually by considering the primary lease terms of the properties, the holding period of the properties, and geographic and geologic data obtained relating to the properties. Where it is not practicable to assess individually the amount of impairment of properties for which costs are not individually significant, such properties are grouped for purposes of assessing impairment. The amount of impairment assessed is added to the costs to be amortized, or is reported as a period expense, as appropriate.

 

Pursuant to full cost accounting rules, the Company must perform a ceiling test periodically on its proved oil and gas assets. The ceiling test provides that capitalized costs less related accumulated depletion and deferred income taxes for each cost center may not exceed the sum of (1) the present value of future net revenue from estimated production of proved oil and gas reserves using current prices, excluding the future cash outflows associated with settling asset retirement obligations that have been accrued on the balance sheet, at a discount factor of 10%; plus (2) the cost of properties not being amortized, if any; plus (3) the lower of cost or estimated fair value of unproved properties included in the costs being amortized, if any; less (4) income tax effects related to differences in the book and tax basis of oil and gas properties. Should the net capitalized costs for a cost center exceed the sum of the components noted above, an impairment charge would be recognized to the extent of the excess capitalized costs.

Sales of proved and unproved properties are accounted for as adjustments of capitalized costs with no gain or loss recognized, unless such adjustments would significantly alter the relationship between capitalized costs and proved reserves of oil and gas, in which case the gain or loss is recognized in the statement of operations.

Exploration activities conducted jointly with others are reflected at the Company’s proportionate interest in such activities.

Cost related to site restoration programs are accrued over the life of the project.


  f)

Stock-Based Compensation

     
   

Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 718, “ Compensation – Stock Compensation ”, accounts for its stock options and similar equity instruments issued. Accordingly, compensation costs attributable to stock options or similar equity instruments granted are measured at the fair value at the grant date, and expensed over the expected vesting period. ASC 718 requires excess tax benefits be reported as a financing cash inflow rather than as a reduction of taxes paid.


  g)

Accounting Estimates

     
   

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions. Significant estimates are required in the valuation of deferred tax assets, asset retirement obligations, share-based payment arrangements and proved oil and gas reserves, and such estimates may impact the amount at which such items are recorded.


  h)

Loss Per Share

     
   

Loss per share is computed using the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period. The Company has adopted ASC 220 “ Earnings Per Share ”. Diluted loss per share is equivalent to basic loss per share because the potential exercise of the equity-based financial instruments was anti-dilutive.


  i)

Foreign Currency Translations

The Company’s operations are located in the United States of America and Canada, and it has offices in Canada. The Company maintains its accounting records in U.S. Dollars, as follows:

At the transaction date, each asset, liability, revenue and expense that was acquired or incurred in a foreign currency is translated into U.S. dollars by the using of the exchange rate in effect at that date. At the period end, monetary assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rate in effect at that date. The resulting foreign exchange gains and losses are included in operations.

  j)

Financial Instruments

ASC 820 “ Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures ” requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. ASC 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy based on the level of independent, objective evidence surrounding the inputs used to measure fair value. A financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. ASC 820 prioritizes the inputs into three levels that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;
Level 2 - Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are either directly or indirectly observable; and
Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing.

The Company’s financial instruments consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, loan payable and due to a related party. The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, loans payable and due to a related party approximate their fair values due to their short maturities. The carrying values of the Company‘s long-term debt approximate their fair values based upon a comparison of the interest rate and terms of such debt to the rates and terms of debt currently available to the Company.

The Company is located in Canada, which results in exposure to market risks from changes in foreign currency rates. The financial risk is the risk to the Company’s operations that arise from fluctuations in foreign exchange rates and the degree of volatility of these rates. Currently, the Company does not use derivative instruments to reduce its exposure to foreign currency risk.

  k)

Income Taxes

The Company has adopted ASC 740, “ Income Taxes” , which requires the Company to recognize deferred tax liabilities and assets for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the Company’s financial statements or tax returns using the liability method. Under this method, deferred tax liabilities and assets are determined based on the temporary differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect in the year in which the differences are expected to reverse.

  l)

Long-Lived Assets Impairment

Long-term assets of the Company are reviewed for impairment when circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable in accordance with the guidance established in ASC 360, “ Property, Plant and Equipment ’. For assets that are to be held and used, an impairment loss is recognized when the estimated undiscounted cash flows associated with the asset or group of assets is less than their carrying value. If impairment exists, an adjustment is made to write the asset down to its fair value. Fair values are determined based on discounted cash flows or internal and external appraisals, as applicable. Assets to be disposed of are carried at the lower of carrying value or estimated net realizable value.

  m)

Asset Retirement Obligations

The Company accounts for asset retirement obligations in accordance with the provisions of ASC 410, “Asset Retirement and Environmental Obligations ”. ASC 410 requires the Company to record the fair value of an asset retirement obligation as a liability in the period in which it incurs a legal obligation associated with the retirement of tangible long-lived assets that result from the acquisition, construction, development and/or normal use of the assets.

  n)

Comprehensive Income

The Company has adopted ASC 220, “ Comprehensive Income” , which establishes standards for reporting and display of comprehensive income, its components and accumulated balances. The Company is disclosing this information on its Statement of Stockholders’ Equity. Comprehensive income comprises equity changes except those transactions resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners.

  o)

Credit risk and receivable Concentration

The Company places its cash and cash equivalent with high credit quality financial institution. As of August 31, 2014, the Company had approximately $611,149 in a bank beyond insured limit (October 31, 2013: $51,072).

  p)

Convertible Debentures

The Company accounts for its convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon conversion according to ASC 470-20-30-22 which requires the proceeds from the issuance of such convertible debt instruments to be allocated between debt and equity components so that debt is discounted to reflect the Company’s non-convertible debt borrowing rate.

Further, the Company applies ASC 470-20-35-13 which requires the debt discount to be amortized over the period the convertible debt is expected to be outstanding as additional non-cash interest expense.

  q)

Commitments and Contingencies

In accordance with ASC 450-20, “Accounting for Contingencies”, the Company records accruals for such loss contingencies when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. In the event that estimates or assumptions prove to differ from actual results, adjustments are made in subsequent periods to reflect more current information. Historically, the Company has not experienced any material claims.

  r)

Collaborative arrangements

The Company's accounting policy for collaborative arrangements is to report any costs incurred with third parties in the consolidated statements of operations and to evaluate the income statement classification of transactions with the other participant based on the nature of the collaborative arrangements' business operaions and the contractual terms of the arrangement.

  s)

Newly Adopted Accounting Policies

In March 2013, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ( “FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2013 - 05, "Foreign Currency Matters (Topic 830); Parent’s Accounting for the Cumulative Translation Adjustment upon Derecognition of Certain Subsidiaries or Groups of Assets within a Foreign Entity or of an Investment in a Foreign Entity." This guidance applies to the release of the cumulative translation adjustment into net income when a parent either sells a part or all of its investment in a foreign entity or no longer holds a controlling financial interest in a subsidiary or group of assets that is a business (other than a sale of in substance real estate or conveyance of oil and gas mineral rights) within a foreign entity. ASU No. 2013-05 is effective prospectively for fiscal years (and interim reporting periods within those years) beginning after December 15, 2013. The Company has adopted this guidance beginning with our fiscal quarter starting from March 1, 2014. Adoption this standards has no material impact on this consolidated financial statement.

In July 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-11, Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carryforward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carryforward Exists. This new guidance provides specific financial statement presentation requirements of an unrecognized tax benefit when a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward exists. The guidance states that an unrecognized tax benefit in those circumstances should be presented as a reduction to the deferred tax asset. This guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2013. Early adoption is permitted. The Company has adopted this guidance beginning with our fiscal quarter starting from March 1, 2014. Adoption this standards has no material impact on this consolidated financial statement.

  t)

New Accounting Pronouncements

FASB ASU 2013-12, “Definition of a Public Business Entity (An Addition to the Master lossary),” was issued December 2013 and the amendment provides a single definition of public business entity for use in future financial accounting and reporting guidance. There is no actual effective date for the amendment, however, the term public business entity will be used in future ASUs. The ASU did not have a significant impact to the Company.

FASB ASU 2014-06, “Technical Corrections and Improvements related to the Glossary Terms,” The new guidance is designed to clarify the Master Glossary of the Codification. ASU 2014-06 is not intended to significantly change U.S. GAAP and there was no significant impact to the Company upon adoption.

FASB ASU 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers,” was issued May 2014 and updates the principles for recognizing revenue. The ASU will supersede most of the existing revenue recognition requirements in U.S. GAAP and will require entities to recognize revenue at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring goods or services to a customer. This ASU also amends the required disclosures of the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within that period. Early adoption is not permitted under U.S. GAAP. The Company is determining its implementation approach and evaluating the potential impacts of the new standard on its existing revenue recognition policies and procedures.

FASB ASU 2014-12, “Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718), Accounting for Share-Based Payments When the Terms of an Award Provide That a Performance Target Could Be Achieved after the Requisite Service Period,” was issued June 2014. This guidance was issued to resolve diversity in accounting for performance targets. A performance target in a share-based payment that affects vesting and that could be achieved after the requisite service period should be accounted for as a performance condition and should not be reflected in the award’s grant date fair value. Compensation cost should be recognized over the required service period, if it is probable that the performance condition will be achieved. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015 and interim periods within those annual periods. The Company does not anticipate a significant impact upon adoption.

FASB ASU 2014-15, “Presentation of Financial Statements-Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40) Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern,” which was issued September 2014. This provides guidance on determining when and how to disclose going-concern uncertainties in the financial statements. The new standard requires management to perform interim and annual assessments of an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year of the date the financial statements are issued. An entity must provide certain disclosures if conditions or events raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern. The ASU applies to all entities and is effective for annual periods ending after December 15, 2016, and interim periods thereafter, with early adoption permitted. The Company does not anticipate a significant impact upon adoption.

Other accounting standards that have been issued or proposed by the FASB or other standards-setting bodies that do not require adoption until a future date are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements upon adoption.

Accounting standards that have been issued or proposed by the FASB or other standards-setting bodies that do not require adoption until a future date are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements upon adoption.